The Short Answer: You buy through a licensed FFL dealer. The process is legal, safe, and more common than you might think.
A Different Kind of Online Shopping
If you’re a first-time buyer, the process may look a little different from ordering other items online. That’s actually a good thing. Federal law requires all firearm purchases to go through a licensed dealer, which means there are built-in steps to keep the process secure and compliant.
What First-Time Buyers Want to Know
The idea of buying a gun online can feel unfamiliar at first. You might wonder where the firearm gets shipped, what paperwork you’ll need, or how the background check works. These are fair questions, and the answers are more straightforward than you’d expect.
At White Birch Armory, we walk customers through this process every day. From first-time buyers to experienced shooters looking for a specific model, online purchasing opens up a wider selection while still giving you the support of a local dealer. Once you understand the steps, you can shop with confidence and know exactly what to expect when your firearm arrives.
What Happens After You Click “Buy”
Why Your Gun Doesn’t Ship to Your Door
When you purchase a firearm online, it doesn’t show up at your doorstep like a pair of shoes. Federal law requires the gun to be shipped to a dealer with a Federal Firearms License, commonly called an FFL. This is where you’ll complete your paperwork and pick up your firearm in person.
The Step-by-Step Process
First, you browse and make your purchase. This could be through a major retailer, an auction site, or even a private seller. Once you complete your order, the seller will ask where to ship the firearm.
Next, you choose your FFL. This is the local gun store or dealer who will receive the transfer on your behalf. Many buyers choose a shop they already trust or one that’s convenient to their home. You’ll provide the seller with your FFL’s information, and most dealers are happy to send their license directly to the seller if needed. Your seller can download our FFL here.
The seller then ships the firearm to your chosen FFL dealer. When it arrives, the dealer logs the serial number and verifies that the gun matches the purchase.
Completing the Transfer In Person
Now it’s your turn. You visit the dealer in person, fill out ATF Form 4473, and undergo a background check. This is a federal requirement for all firearm purchases through a licensed dealer. The check typically takes just a few minutes.
Once you’re approved, you pay any applicable transfer fee and walk out with your new firearm. Transfer fees vary by dealer. At White Birch Armory, we keep ours competitive and welcome buyers who purchase online and need a trusted place to complete their transfer.
What You’ll Need to Bring
Before heading to your FFL to pick up your firearm, make sure you have everything ready. The requirements are straightforward, but showing up prepared saves time and avoids extra trips.
Age Requirements
Under federal law, you must be 21 years of age to purchase a handgun. For a long gun like a rifle or shotgun, the minimum age is 18. Some states have additional restrictions, so it’s worth checking your local laws.
Valid Photo ID
A valid photo ID is required. This is typically a driver’s license or state-issued ID. The address on your ID must match your current address. If you’ve recently moved and haven’t updated your ID, bring a secondary document like a utility bill or voter registration card to verify your residence.
The Background Check
The background check is handled by your dealer through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, or NICS. This screening looks for disqualifying factors such as felony convictions, domestic violence misdemeanors, dishonorable military discharge, or current use of a controlled substance. It’s worth noting that federal law still classifies marijuana as a controlled substance, which means medical cannabis patients are prohibited from purchasing firearms under current regulations.
State-Specific Requirements
Depending on where you live, you might need a firearm license, a permit, or you may face a waiting period before taking possession. New Hampshire keeps things simple with no state permit required for most purchases, but buyers from other states should verify their local rules before ordering online.
Federal Law, State Law, and Why Your Local Dealer Matters
The Federal Baseline
Federal law sets the baseline. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives regulates all firearm sales in the United States. Every purchase through a licensed dealer requires a background check, and every firearm must be logged with its serial number. These rules apply no matter where you live.
How State Laws Add Another Layer
State laws add another layer. Some states require permits or licenses before you can purchase a firearm. Others impose waiting periods between the purchase and pickup. A few states restrict certain types of firearms, including some semi-automatic rifles that fall under assault weapons bans. Private party sales are also treated differently depending on the state. Some require all transfers to go through an FFL, while others allow direct sales between individuals without a dealer involved. Sales tax on firearm purchases varies by state as well.
Your FFL as a Resource
This is where your local FFL becomes a valuable resource. A reputable dealer stays current on both federal and state requirements. They handle the paperwork, run the background check, and guide you through any additional steps your state may require. If you’re buying online and shipping to a dealer you haven’t worked with before, don’t hesitate to call ahead and ask questions. A good shop will be happy to explain the process and let you know what to expect.
At White Birch Armory, we work with buyers not only across New Hampshire, but across all 50 states. We know the rules and can help you navigate any extra steps so your transfer goes smoothly.
From Online Purchase to Range Ready
Once you’ve picked up your new firearm, the real learning begins. Owning a gun is a responsibility, and building skill and confidence takes practice.
Start with Training
If you’re new to firearms, consider starting with a training class before or shortly after your purchase. Handling a firearm safely, understanding how it functions, and learning proper technique are all part of becoming a responsible owner. White Birch Armory offers classes for all experience levels, including our Intro to Handguns course designed specifically for first-time shooters. Our instructors create a welcoming environment where you can ask questions and learn at your own pace.
Gear Up with the Right Accessories
You’ll also want to pick up a few accessories along with your new gun. Eye and ear protection are non-negotiable for range time. A quality case keeps your firearm secure during transport. And of course, you’ll need ammunition. If you’re unsure what else you might need, stop by the shop and talk to our team. We can point you in the right direction based on how you plan to use your firearm.
Get Comfortable at the Range
Finally, get to the range. A shooting range is the best place to become comfortable with your new firearm in a safe, controlled environment. White Birch Armory operates one of the few NSSF 5-star rated indoor ranges in New England, with 16 climate-controlled lanes and a welcoming atmosphere for shooters of all skill levels. You don’t need to be experienced to walk through our doors. We’re here to help you build confidence, improve your skills, and enjoy the experience.
Ready to Get Started?
Browse firearms online, select White Birch Armory as your FFL for the transfer, and let us handle the rest. We’re a service-disabled, veteran-owned business built on service, safety, and supporting our community. Stop by, ask questions, and see why shooters across New Hampshire trust us with their training, transfers, and range time.